Convenient physics formula sheet

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Physics formula sheet

Use the following formulas and constants are reference:

• Velocity
  
  
  • v = [Greek Delta]d / [Greek Delta]t
  
  
• Acceleration
  
  
  • a = [Greek Delta]v / [Greek Delta]t
  • a = vf - vi / t
  
  
• Distance traveled under uniform acceleration
  
  
  • d = vit + ½at^2
  
  
• Final velocity under uniform acceleration
  
  
  • v_final^2 = v_initial^2 + 2ad
  • v_final = v_initial + at
  
  
• Newton's Law for force
  
  
  • F = ma
  
  
• Net force under friction
  
  
  • Net force = Applied Force + Friction
  
  
• Centripetal force
  
  
  • F = m v^2 / r
  
  
• Force of gravity between objects
  
  
  • F = G m_object1 m_object2 / d^2
  
  
• Kepler's third law
  
  
  • (T1 / T2)^2 = (R1 / R2)^3
  
  
• Momentum
  
  
  • p = m v
  • [Greek Delta]p = F [Greek Delta]t
  • Momentum = Impulse
  
  
• Work
  
  
  • W = F d
  • W = P t
  
  
• Kinetic energy
  
  
  • KE = (mv^2) / 2
  
  
• Coulomb's law
  
  
  • F=K q_object1 q_obejct2 / d^2
  
  
• Field intensity
  
  
  • E = F / q
  
  
• Potential difference
  
  
  • V = E d
  
  
• Energy of a circuit
  
  
  • E = q V
  
  
• Ohm's law
  
  
  • R = V / I
  
  
• Power in a circuit
  
  
  • P = V I
  • P = I^2 R
  
  
• Heat energy across a resistor
  
  
  • E = I^2 R t
  
  
• Voltage in a series circuit
  
  
  • Vtotal = IR + IR + IR ...
  
  
• Resistance in a series circuit
  
  
  • Rtotal = R + R + R ...
  
  
• Current in a parallel circuit
  
  
  • Itotal = I + I + I ...
  
  
• Resistance in a parallel circuit
  
  
  • 1 / Rtotal = 1/R + 1/R +1/R ...
  
  
• Force on a wire in a magnetic field
  
  
  • F = B I L
  
  
• Force on a particle in a field
  
  
  • F = B q v
  
  
• EMF
  
  
  • EMF = B L v
  
  
• Voltage output of a transformer
  
  
  • V_out = Loops_out * V_in / Loops_in
  
  
• Velocity of a wave
  
  
  • v = [Greek Lambda]f
  
  
• Index of refraction
  
  
  • n = C / v
  • n = [Greek Lambda]_wave1 / [Greek Lambda]_wave2
  
  
• Snell's law
  
  
  • n1 * sin angle 1 = n2 * sin angle 2
  
  
• Focal Length of a concave mirror
  
  
  • f = R / 2
  
  
• Magnification
  
  
  • M = h_image / h_reflection
  
  
• Curved mirror equation
  
  
  • 1 / d_object + 1 / d_image = 1 / focal_length
  
  
• Fresnel's diffraction discovery
  
  
  • Diffraction = / Gap_Size
  
  
• Young's wavelength equation
  
  
  • [Greek Lambda] = nodal_dist * slit_dist / screen_dist
  
  
• Scattering of light
  
  
  • Scatter = 1 / [Greek Lambda]E4

[qiao90]

The September sun was shining brightly into the windows of 221B Baker Street,and London was enjoying a beautiful late summer.I had finished my breakfast and was reading the newspaper.As usual,Holmes had got up late,and was still eating.We were expecting a visitor at half past ten,and I wondered whether Holmes would finish his breakfast be fore our visitor arrived.
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Holmes was in no hurry. wow power leveling He was reading once again a letter he had received three days ago.It was from Dr James Mortimer,who asked for an appointment with Holmes.
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'Well, aoc gold Watson,'Holmes said to me,'I'm afraid that a doc tor from Devonshire won't bring us anything of real interest.His letter doesn't tell us anything about his business though he says it's very important.I hope we can help him.'

At exactly half past ten there was a knock on our front door.
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'Good,'age of conan power leveling said Holmes.'Dr Mortimer is clearly a man who will not waste our time.'

We stood up as our visitor was brought into the room.

'Good morning,gentlemen,'he said.'I'm Dr James Mor timer,from Grimpen in Devonshire,and I think you must be Mr Sherlock Holmes.'He shook hands with Holmes,who said:
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'How do you do, wow gold Dr Mortimer?May I introduce my good friend,Dr John Watson,who helps me with my cases.I hope you will allow him to listen to our conversation.'
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'Of course,' maple story mesos said Mortimer,as he turned to me and shook hands.'I need your help very badly,Mr Holmes.If it will be useful for Dr Watson to hear what I have to say,please let him stay and listen.'

Mortimer did not look like a country doctor.He was very tall and thin.He had a long thin nose.His grey eyes were bright,and he wore gold glasses.His coat and trousers were old and worn.His face was young,but his shoulders were bent like an old man's and his head was pushed forward.He took some pa pers from his pocket,and said:
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'Mr Holmes,wow power leveling I need your help and advice.Something very strange and frightening has been happening.'

'Sit down,Dr Mortimer,'said Holmes,'and tell us your problem.I'll help you if I can.'

[jan1213]

Guan Yus Loyal Deed of Letting Cao Cao Run Away
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　　This story is from the novel Three Kingdoms.World of Warcraft power leveling Cao Cao's troops had suffered heavy casualties in the Chibi Campaign and there were only 300 troops left. Cao Cao led these troops to Huarongdao in retreat. While marching on， Cao Cao， riding horseback， pointed his whip and laughed loudly， saying， “People say Zhuge Liang is wise and full of clever stratagems， but it seems to me he is as incapable as the average general. If he had an army waiting in ambush over there， I would have no way out.” Before he could finish his words， the thunder of cannons was heard and an army headed by Guan Yu stormed out of hiding to block their way.
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At the sight of Guan Yu's mighty force，last chaos gold the hopeless and disappointed Cao Cao had to beg Guan Yu for a way out. “Now I am pressed in the corner. Please take mercy on me for our past friendship and let me go.” “I have already repaid you for your kindness，” replied General Guan. “Today I can't do anything harmful to the nation.” “Do you remember your killing my six generals while you passed through the five passes?” Cao Cao reminded Guan Yu.
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In his mind，aoc power leveling Guan Yu admitted that if Cao Cao did not ordered his men to let Guan Yu pass through， he would not have gotten through the five passes alive. Guan Yu， a man who valued loyalty highly， ordered his men to make a way and gestured Cao Cao to pass through. Thus， Cao Cao made it through alive.
Huang Zhong Takes on the Challenge
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　　This is a story from Three Kingdoms.aoc power leveling Huang Zhong， a veteran in the army of Shu， was one of its top five generals. Zhang He under Cao Cao had suffered one defeat after another. Cao Hong gave him a 5，000-strong army to attack Jiameng Pass. When Liu Bei learned this， he consulted with Zhuge Liang， his military advisor. Zhuge Liang said： “Zhang He is a distinguished general of Cao Cao. Only Zhang Fei could defeat him.” This irritated veteran Huang Zhong. Huang shouted： “Advisor has looked down upon me. I will get his head off and offer it to you.”
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 Zhuge Liang prodded Huang again by saying，Final Fantasy XI GIL “Though you are valiant， I am afraid you are not Zhang He's match because you are too old.” When Huang Zhong heard this， his gray hair angrily stood on end. He said， “Old as I am， I am able to open two bows and am full of vitality.” Huang went down and got a big sword off the rack and performed with it. He took two hard bows off the wall and pulled them broken.
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Then Zhuge Liang said： “If you go ，aion kinah whom would you like to be your assistant?” Huang Zhong replied， “Veteran Yan Yan. If the two of us can not defeat Zhang He， my grayhaired bead is yours.” Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang were very pleased. The veteran generals were ordered to fight Zhang He. When Huang Zhong and Yan Yan got to Jiameng Pass， they laid a trap to defeat Zhang He. Then they used skillful tactics to take over Tiandang Mountain， the granary of Cao Cao's army. Later， they captured Dingjun Mountain. They reported back to Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang declaring a complete victory.

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the manipulation of state affairs by the prime minister Dong Zhuo towards the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220) aroused strong anger in people， but nobody dared to air it. Upright ministers wanted to but failed to think of a way to get rid of him. Deep at night and alone in his garden， Wang Yun， a minister， sighed at these worries， his teaful eyes cast up at the moon. Suddenly， he heard a sigh from the pavilion nearby.
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 He went over to see Diao Chan，World of Warcraft power leveling the sixteen-year-old， very beautiful singsong girl in his family. Upon enquiry， the girl went down on her knees and said， “Your excellency has treated me so nice after Icame. How could I repay your kindness? Ihave noticed your knitted eyebrows， You must have big worries that Idare not ask. Isighed， because Iwish Icould help you in some way.”
　　Who could believe， thought Wang that the destiny of the Han Dynasty lies in this girl's hand. He helped the girl up， then he himself prostrated and kowtowed to her. “Why do you bow to me?” the puzzled girl asked. She repeated her offer to help in any way.
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　　Convinced of her resolüte attitude，last chaos gold Wang Yun was straightforward： “Both Dong Zhuo and his stepson Lü Bu love women. I'll take you as my step daughter， then I'll betroth you to Lü Bu before I present you as a gift to Dong Zhuo. You will seek opportunities to sow discord between them and make Lü kill Dong. In this way we can preserve the Han Dynasty.” “If I fail to do as you say，” she vowed， “I will die a violent death.”
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 These were the interlocking stratagems laid by Wang Yun and Diao Chan Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times and finally succeeded in inviting Zhuge Liang to be his military adviser. aoc power levelingYet his sworn brothers， Guan Yu and Zhang Fei， did not take Zhuge seriously. Before long， Cao Cao dispatched an army of 100，000 to attack Liu Bei's headquarters at Xinye. Cao's troops were at the command of General Xiahou Chun. When Liu Bei turned to Zhuge Liang for advice， Zhuge said： “Ihave to borrow your majesty's sword of authority in that I am f/afraid that Guan Yu and Zhang Fei will not listen to me.” Liu lost no time in lending his sword of authority to Zhuge who then started to dispatch Liu's army for the defence.
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　　Zhuge ordered Guan Yu to Lück and wait at Mount Yushan with 1，000 troops.aoc power leveling Guan was not to attack the enemy but rather let them pass. He would charge at the enemy as soon as he saw fire break out in the enemy procession. Zhang Fei was ordered to Lürk and wait in the valley with another 1，000 troops. Zhang was to attack the town of Bowang as soon as he saw fire break out in the enemy procession. Guan Ping， adopted son of Guan Yu and General Liu Feng were ordered to each guide 500 troops to wait behind the slope of Bowang. They would set fire to the enemy procession as soon as the enemy arrived at the slope. Zhuge recalled Zhao Yun from Fancheng to be the vanguard of Liu's army. But Zhao was ordered not to defeat the advancing enemy but rather pretend to be defeated. Liu Bei was given 1，000 troops as the back up force.
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　　Guan Yu was so curious that he asked：Final Fantasy XI GIL “We all go out to fight the battle. But what will you do?” Zhuge Liang answered smiling， “I will sit and wait here in town.” Zhang Fei burst into larghter and said： “We all go out to risk our lives while you enjoy your time carefree inside the town!” Zhuge said： “I have the sword of authority. Those who disobey my orders will be executed.” Guan and Zhang had nothing more to say， but they walked away sneeringly.
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　　Since the generals carried out Zhuge Liang's orders to the letter，aion kinah the enemy was routed Zhuge's first military advice truned out to be smart and farsighted. Guan Yu， Zhang Fei and other generals in the Liu camp soon came to respect the new military adviser.